Pentagon Considers “Operation Sledgehammer” to Restart Iran Campaign, Challenging Congress

The Pentagon had explored renaming any renewed U.S. military campaign against Iran “Operation Sledgehammer” if the fragile ceasefire collapsed, a move officials said could also reset the 60‑day clock under the War Powers Resolution and extend President Donald Trump’s ability to wage war without fresh authorization from Congress aa. The discussions came as the Iran ceasefire was described by Trump as “on massive life support” and U.S. forces remained massed around the Strait of Hormuz aa +1.
Operation Epic Fury, launched on February 28 alongside Israeli strikes, marked the start of the current conflict. Offensive bombing was paused on April 7, after which the administration told Congress that “hostilities” had terminated, even as a U.S. naval blockade and Iranian attacks on shipping continued aa +1. The 60‑day legal deadline for unauthorized wars passed on May 1, intensifying a confrontation between the White House and lawmakers over whether the president could simply restart large‑scale strikes under a new operation name.
A Name Change With Major Legal Stakes
White House officials argued that any major resumption of bombing would be organized as a distinct campaign under a new name, with “Operation Sledgehammer” one label under consideration, and that doing so would “restart the clock” on the War Powers Resolution’s 60‑day limit aa. Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth told senators the ceasefire meant “the 60‑day clock pauses or stops,” asserting Trump would have “all of the authorities necessary” to recommence strikes without a new vote in Congress mirror +1.
Legal experts and many lawmakers rejected that interpretation. Former State Department legal adviser Harold Koh likened the approach to inventing a “pause button” that does not exist in the statute, arguing the law does not allow resetting or suspending the clock once U.S. forces are engaged in hostilities timeskuwait. Senate Democrats, joined by a handful of Republicans, moved to force additional war‑powers votes and floated potential litigation, warning that rebranding the same conflict as a new operation to evade Congress would be an “illegal war” strategy newsukraine +1.
Strategy, Allies and the Risk of Escalation
Behind the naming debate lay a broader military and geopolitical recalculation. U.S. officials said the Pentagon had strengthened its regional posture since late February, adding at least one carrier strike group and rearming assets depleted in the first weeks of Operation Epic Fury aa. The U.S. blockade and Iran’s moves to halt or harass shipping in the Strait of Hormuz, through which roughly 20% of global oil normally transits, turned the narrow waterway into the central pressure point of the standoff mirror.
Trump publicly framed his choice as “Do we want to go and just blast the hell out of them and finish them forever, or do we want to try and make a deal?” while dismissing Iran’s latest response as “a piece of garbage” with “approximately a 1% chance” that the ceasefire would hold aa +1. European allies, already angered by limited consultation before the war began, signaled deep concern that a fresh round of strikes under a new operation name would both escalate the conflict and further sideline Congress, while Gulf states weighed their own responses after absorbing Iranian missile and drone attacks moneycontrol.
The Bigger Picture
Whether or not “Operation Sledgehammer” is ever formally launched, the episode underscored how presidents can use bureaucratic tools — including operation names and contested legal readings — to stretch wartime authority beyond the bounds Congress intended. With U.S. forces still deployed in a volatile theater, oil markets on edge and allied trust strained, the fight over what to call the next phase of the Iran war doubled as a fight over who controls it, setting up a longer‑term clash between the executive branch and lawmakers over the future of the War Powers Resolution itself newsukraine +1.
Sources
nbcnews
Pentagon considering renaming Iran war ‘Sledgehammer’ if ceasefire collapses
A White House official tells NBC News says any new military combat operations against Iran would be conducted under a new name and operation...
aa
Trump administration considers 'Operation Sledgehammer' if Iran war resumes: NBC
US officials discussing new military campaign name amid concerns over congressional war authorization timeline, report says | Anadolu.
mirror
Pentagon prepares 'Operation Sledgehammer' to renew war powers after Donald Trump's Epic Fury plan fails
The rebranding of the US war effort could see the US President skirt his way around a law that requires US Congress to approve further...
newsukraine
Pentagon weighs dramatic rename for Iran campaign to Operation Sledgehammer
The Pentagon is discussing the possibility of renaming the US military operation against Iran in the event of a final collapse of the...
timeskuwait
Pentagon weighs ‘Operation Sledgehammer’ if Iran ceasefire collapses
The us Department of Defense is considering renaming the military conflict with Iran as “Operation Sledgehammer” if the fragile ceasefire...
diplomatic
Iran stalemate drags on Trump as he heads to China
'I don't think about Americans' financial situation,' Trump told reporters as he departed for summit with Xi.
moneycontrol
US may replace ‘Operation Epic Fury’ with ‘Operation Sledgehammer’ if Iran ceasefire fails: Report
The US military is considering renaming its conflict with Iran as “Operation Sledgehammer” if the current ceasefire breaks down and...
ilsole24ore
War latest news. Iran, US cost of war at 29 billion
The US president is currently meeting with his national security team and the senior leadership of the US military to discuss future...
newsukraine
US President weighs in on Xi’s role in potential Iran peace push
US President Donald Trump said he plans to have a long conversation with Chinese leader Xi Jinping about the war with Iran.
adn
Pentagon will take ‘sledgehammer’ to contracting program central to many Alaska Native corporations, Hegseth says
The defense secretary's recent remark was the latest in the Trump administration's criticisms of the 8(a) program.
breakingthenews
US may restart Iran war under new name
The United States Department of Defence is considering renaming its Iran war effort from Operation Epic Fury to Operation Sledgehammer if...
trtworld
Lebanese soldier, paramedics among 14 killed in latest Israeli attacks on south Lebanon
At least 14 people have been killed, including two civil defence workers, and 13 others wounded in Israeli strikes in southern Lebanon despite a ceasefire.
arabtimesonline
US Considers ‘Operation Sledgehammer’ Name if Iran Truce Collapses
WASHINGTON, May 12: US President Donald Trump has accused media outlets of “aiding and abetting” Iran by portraying...
twz
IRGC Navy Claims Vast Expansion In Its Definition Of Strait Of Hormuz (Updated)
It remains unclear how the IRGC will enforce its tenfold increase in what it considers the Strait.
aol
Five takeaways as Trump wages war on Iran
The United States and Israel launched waves of strikes Saturday morning against Iran after weeks of tensions between Washington and Tehran.
nbcnews
Pentagon considering renaming Iran war ‘Sledgehammer’ if ceasefire collapses A spokesperson for the Pentagon directed inquires to the White House. The White House didn’t respond to a request for comment. Any new military combat operations against Iran would be conducted under a new name and operation, a White House official familiar with the discussions said, and from the administration’s point of view this would effectively restart the clock with Congress. Operation Sledgehammer is n...
iranintl
Live - Trump warns Iran will be ‘decimated’ without a deal
The UAE and Israel coordinated a May 6 attack on Iran's biggest petrochemical facility in Asaluyeh in response to Tehran's strike on the...
wdrb
Hegseth faces withering questions about Iran in first congressional appearance since war began
Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth faced withering questioning in his first appearance before Congress since the Trump administration went to...
defensecommunities
Pentagon Tells Congress $11 Billion Price for Iran Operations
The Pentagon recently told Congress that the first six days of Operation Epic Fury cost $11.3 billion This didn't include smaller expenses.
propublica
The U.S. Built a Blueprint to Avoid Civilian War Casualties. Trump Officials Scrapped It.
The Pentagon dismantled its civilian protection mission as Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth made “lethality” a top priority and the Trump...
talkingpointsmemo
The Pentagon is Setting Congress Up For a Vote That Could Provide Backdoor War Authorization
Since President Donald Trump started to wage war against Iran without authorization from Congress and seemingly without much logistical or...
military
What’s in a Name? DoD vs. DoW — And Why It Matters More Than You Think
When workers at the Pentagon quietly removed “Department of Defense” plaques and replaced them with new bronze signs reading “Department of...
reuters
Trump to rename Department of Defense the 'Department of War,' official says
WASHINGTON, Sept 4 (Reuters) - U.S. President Donald Trump plans to sign an executive order on Friday to rename the Department of Defense...
nytimes
President of Peace, Department of War. A New Name Sends Mixed Signals.
President Trump's renaming of the Defense Department comes amid his campaign for a Nobel Peace Prize. On Saturday, he wrote on social media...
airandspaceforces
Trump Renames DOD the ‘Department of War,’ But Will it Stick?
A Trump executive order to rename the Department of Defense as the Department of War has heightened debate over the role of the military.
aol
Opinion - Whose power is the war power?
Congress and President Trump engaged in a series of political maneuverings and debates over the "One Big Beautiful Bill Act" and the bombing of Iranian...
cnbc
Trump doesn't need Congress to restart Iran strikes: Hegseth
The Iran war, now well into its third month, has caused oil prices to soar globally as Iran continues to lock down the Strait of Hormuz.
lawfaremedia
Law and the Iran War, After the First 60 Days
The War Powers Resolution hasn't been rendered irrelevant. Its relevance is just beginning.
aol
Trump suggests War Powers Act unconstitutional as Iran war hits 60 days
President Trump on Friday suggested that the War Powers Act, which requires presidents to seek congressional authorizations for foreign...
aljazeera
Has the US-Iran ceasefire reset the clock on War Powers Act deadline?
Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth claims hostilities have ceased, but lawmakers say US forces remain active despite halted air attacks.
abcnews
The 60-day War Powers deadline falls on Friday. What could happen next?
As Trump continues to keep a military presence in the Middle East, the 60-day deadline for the administration to seek congressional...
pbs
Trump rejects Iran’s latest proposal as he reviews new military options to relaunch war
It has been 60 days since the Iran war began, which means Friday is a legal deadline for the Trump administration to seek congressional...
nytimes
A 60-Day Deadline Could Pressure Trump on Ending the Iran War
A decades-old law allows the president to wage war without congressional approval for 60 days, then limits his options for continuing.
cnn
The law sets a 60-day limit on unauthorized wars. The US is blowing past it in Iran
A post-Vietnam law puts a 60-day clock on the use of military force without congressional authorization.
thehill
Hegseth argues 60-day clock on Iran war stopped with ceasefire
Defense Sec. Pete Hegseth argues that the 60-day clock for the conflict with Iran stopped when President Trump announced a ceasefire.
cnbc
Trump doesn't need Congress to restart Iran strikes: Hegseth U.S. Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth speaks during a Senate Armed Services Committee hearing on U.S. President Donald Trump's FY2027 budget request for the Department of Defense on Capitol Hill in Washington, D.C., U.S., April 30, 2026. Eric Lee | Reuters Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth said President Donald Trump doesn't need congressional approval to restart strikes on Iran despite surpassing the 60-day limit allowed under federal l...
pbs
Trump rejects Iran's latest proposal as he reviews new military options to relaunch war It has been 60 days since the Iran war began, which means Friday is a legal deadline for the Trump administration to seek congressional authorization. But the White House informed Congress that it didn’t need approval because the war had been “terminated” during the current ceasefire. Nick Schifrin joins Amna Nawaz with the latest developments. Notice: Transcripts are machine and human generated and l...
thehill
Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth says 60-day war powers clock stopped with Iran ceasefire Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth argued Thursday that the 60-day clock for the conflict with Iran stopped when President Trump announced a ceasefire, as Democratic senators tee up yet another war powers vote. Trump notified Congress of the military operations in Iran on March 2, making Friday the 60-day milestone at which point the War Powers Act requires the president to start winding down a war unless he re...
trtworld
Trump administration considers 'Operation Sledgehammer' if Iran ceasefire fails — US media
US officials discuss replacing "Operation Epic Fury" with a new title to potentially bypass congressional time limits on military action, according to NBC.
iranintl
Iran says shifting trade corridors north amid US blockade on southern ports
Iran's economy minister said Tehran is planning to move some import routes to northern ports and land borders after delays at southern ports...
washingtonpost
Artists behind Trump statues on the Mall create video game to protest Iran war
The group says Trump treats war like a game, so it created one that mocks the conflict and the administration's use of video games to...
ms
Trump given option to ‘order Diet Coke’ or ‘invade Iran’ in arcade game at D.C. memorial
Three fully functional arcade games satirizing Trump's war with Iran make up a new protest art installation on the National Mall in...
foxnews
Outcomes of Operation Epic Fury have ‘already made the US safer,’ State Department spokesperson says
State Department spokesperson Tommy Pigott discusses reports that Iran has responded to the U.S. proposal to end the war.
nationalinterest
Operation Epic Fury Exposes Security Detection Gaps in Oil and Gas Sector
Tools used by information technology (IT) security providers to prevent cyberattacks often work poorly in defending operational technology...
readtpa
This Arcade Game Lets You Invade Iran as Trump
Three working arcade cabinets appeared on Monday at the D.C. War Memorial, courtesy of The Secret Handshake, the anonymous art collective...
mediaite
Pentagon Ready to Go With New Name for Iran War in Sign Fighting May Resume Imminently
The Pentagon is considering a name change for what President Donald Trump has referred to as the "Iran Excursion," the latest sign the...
cnn
Live updates: Trump to pause US effort to guide ships through Strait of Hormuz while blockade remains
Up next · US · Crime & Justice · Immigration · Education · Transportation · World · Africa · Americas · Asia · Australia · Politics · Elections...
nytimes
Opinion | Operation Epic Fury, Meet Operation Colossal Blunder
There are now only two outcomes to the conflict: either the kind of wholesale destruction of Iran that Mr. Trump posited, or a settlement that...
aljazeera
Operation Epic Fury has ended: Is the Iran war over?
Experts say Trump's pause of Project Freedom in the Strait of Hormuz could be the 'beginning of the end' for the war on Iran.
bbc
Trump claims other presidents flouted war powers law. It's a mixed record
President Donald Trump has insisted he doesn't need congressional authorisation to continue the war with Iran, arguing that past US...
nytimes
After 60 Days, Republican Patience for the Iran War Is Wearing Thin
Months into the operation and with midterms looming, some lawmakers are calling for Congress to restrain the president's war power or set...
nbcnews
House Speaker Mike Johnson says the U.S. is 'not at war' with Iran as White House approaches 60-day deadline
The 1973 War Powers Resolution says the president has to remove military forces from conflict within 60 days if Congress doesn't authorize a...
theconversation
Why the 60-day War Powers Resolution deadline doesn’t actually constrain presidents
Why the 60‑day War Powers Resolution deadline doesn't actually constrain presidents ... May 1, 2026, marks the 60th day of Operation Epic Fury in...
cbsnews
As Iran war hits key 60-day deadline, Congress and Trump face choices on next steps
The War Powers Resolution sets deadlines for the president to end hostilities without congressional approval.
aljazeera
Trump’s May 1 deadline: Can he continue war on Iran after that?
Trump is obliged under the 1973 War Powers Act to limit the war after 60 days with congressional approval to continue the war.
time
Scoop: Democrats Discuss Suing Trump Over 'Illegal' Iran War
Multiple Democrats tell TIME they may take Trump to court if his war in Iran continues past Friday's 60-day deadline.
thehill
Trump suggests War Powers Act unconstitutional as Iran war hits 60 days
President Trump questions the constitutionality of the War Powers Act as the Iran conflict reaches a critical milestone.
washingtonpost
Senate rejects resolution to block Trump from striking Iran
The war powers resolution was the fourth to fail in the chamber since the war's start — but some Republicans expressed fresh concern about...
yoursourceone
NATO allies' war game tests response to Russia and to US support
A war game scenario by NATO allies involves Sweden facing a threat and Ukraine on hand to advise on drone warfare.
moderndiplomacy
Iran War May End, but Trump’s Ally Rifts Are Here to Stay
Donald Trump's decision to withdraw some U. S. troops from Germany and his reaction to a recent conflict with Iran have raised concerns...
atlanticcouncil
Experts react: How the world is responding to the US-Israeli war with Iran
We turned to our global network to explain how leaders in Europe, Asia, and Latin America are viewing the ongoing US-Israeli war against...
nbcnews
Europe's mixed response to Iran war draws Trump's fury toward U.S. allies
European Union foreign policy chief Kaja Kallas said Friday that Washington's foreign policy shift had “rocked the trans-Atlantic relationship...
cfr
Europe’s Disjointed Response to the War With Iran
The United States launched a major military operation with little to no consultation with its transatlantic allies.
pbs
Trump's failed strong-arming of allies on Iran shows that pressure is losing its effect
PARIS (AP) — We've long had your back, now it's our turn. That is how the famously transactional U.S. President Donald Trump is framing his...
politico
NATO chief insists Europe is ‘scrambling’ to help with Iran war after latest Trump attacks
NATO Secretary General Mark Rutte defended allies' reaction to the Iran war Thursday even as he sought to reassure the world that the...
americanprogress
Iran Spotlights How Trump Is Fracturing the Transatlantic Alliance
President Trump's war with Iran is exposing how Europe has grown too divided and too dependent to resist an increasingly coercive...
cbsnews
As the U.S. and Israel attack Iran, governments around the world stress risks of new war in the Middle East
U.S. allies and adversaries responded to the joint attacks by the U.S. and Israel on Iran with concern over the risks of a new war in the...
nytimes
Trump Says He Wants to Delay Visit to China Because of Middle East Conflict
I think it's important that I be here,” President Trump said of asking China to reschedule a summit. Earlier, he disparaged allies for...
bbc
Trump calls Iran response to US proposal to end war 'totally unacceptable'
Iran is reported to want lifting of the US naval blockade, recognition of Iranian sovereignty over the Strait of Hormuz and compensation for...
aa
Trump says Iran ceasefire on ‘massive life support,’ blasts Tehran's response as ‘piece of garbage’
'I would call it the weakest right now, after reading that piece of garbage,' Trump says on 'very simple' Iranian response to US' latest...
al
Ceasefire could collapse as Trump rejects response: Iran’s ‘days are numbered,’ Israel says
Iran and the United States were at an impasse again Monday over how to end their war while their ceasefire grew increasingly shaky,...
cbsnews
Trump says Iran's response to peace proposal "totally unacceptable"
President Trump didn't provide details on the issues he had with the response or what would come next.
cbsnews
Iran vows to fight on as Trump says ceasefire is "on life support"
President Trump is expected to encourage China to pressure Iran to make a deal to end the war when he visits Beijing this week and meets...
aljazeera
Iran’s leaders debate war and peace after Trump ceasefire extension
Tehran, Iran – State media and Iran's military and security leadership say they are prepared for a resumption in the war with the United...
bbc
Israel-Lebanon ceasefire: What we know about the deal
US President Donald Trump announced on 16 April that the leaders of Israel and Lebanon have agreed to a 10-day ceasefire, which took effect...
cbsnews
Iran's foreign minister travels to Pakistan and Russia after U.S. envoys' trip canceled
Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi returned to Islamabad on Sunday, where he participated in talks focused on ending the war with the...
npr
Iran says it seized ships in Strait of Hormuz as U.S. blockade continues amid ceasefire
Iran attacked at least three commercial ships in the Strait of Hormuz Wednesday, just hours after President Trump extended a ceasefire with...
cbsnews
Iran attacks ships in Strait of Hormuz as thousands more U.S. forces head for Middle East
Iran renews attacks in the Strait of Hormuz after Trump says he's extending a ceasefire indefinitely, as thousands more U.S. forces head for...
yougov
What do the public say about Keir Starmer’s handling of Britain’s response the US-Iran conflict?
Those who think Starmer is doing well are pleased he has kept us out of the conflict; those who say he has done badly often criticise the...
aa
King Charles touts UK action after 9/11 as Trump slams British response to Iran war
King Charles touts UK action after 9/11 as Trump slams British response to Iran war ... King Charles on Tuesday highlighted the UK's response to...
commonslibrary
Israel/US-Iran conflict 2026: Background and UK response
US-Israel strikes and Iranian counter strikes, the Israel-Hezbollah conflict and UK actions and response.
time
Buckingham Palace Responds After Trump Claims King ‘Agrees' With Him on Iran Issue
"Charles agrees with me, even more than I do," said President Trump at the White House state dinner.
justsecurity
The United Kingdom’s Use of Force Against Iran: Walking a Legal Tightrope?
This article is part of the Collection: Iran, Israel and the United States at War (2025-2026 Operations). On March 1, 2026, British Prime...
reuters
UK’s slow support for allies in Iran conflict deepens doubts about military effectiveness
Britain's cautious response to the escalating conflict in the Middle East and its hesitancy in defending its allies from attack have renewed...
bbc
Starmer says he's acting in national interest after Trump criticism
The US president earlier told the BBC the UK should have given more support to the US over the Iran war.
mecouncil
The Limits of Neutrality for Gulf States in the U.S.–Israel–Iran War
The U.S.–Israel–Iran war exposes the limits of Gulf neutrality as regional states face security threats while trying to balance deterrence,...
carnegieendowment
Three Scenarios for the Gulf States After the Iran War
Amid a tenuous U.S.-Iran ceasefire, Arab Gulf monarchies are aiming to project strength. “We prevailed through an epic national defense...
atlanticcouncil
The Gulf that emerges from the Iran war will be very different
Iran's decision to target the UAE, Qatar, Oman, Saudi Arabia, and other countries in the Gulf will have far-reaching consequences.
reuters
Gulf leaders meet in Saudi Arabia to discuss response to Iranian strikes
Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman chaired a consultative meeting of the Gulf Cooperation Council in Jeddah on Tuesday, state media...
timesofisrael
Moran Zaga: The Gulf states react to humiliation by Iran
Wealthy countries like Saudi Arabia, UAE, and Qatar sought stability by diplomacy with Tehran. But they were hit hard by Iran, forcing them to...
arabcenterdc
The GCC States and the War on Iran: Rethinking Responses to Unwanted Consequences
Unlike the June 2025 12-Day War, which largely bypassed the Gulf states, an Iranian regime now fighting for its survival has lashed out forcefully and...
bbc
'All red lines have been crossed': Gulf states weigh response to Iranian strikes
Iran is believed to have fired almost as many drones and missiles at the United Arab Emirates, the gulf's dominant trade and tourism hub, as...
iiss
The Gulf states’ offensive options against Iran
Impatient with Iran's attacks, the Gulf states have multiple options if they wish to increase the costs for Tehran, but they would run the...
cnbc
Gulf states have tolerated Iranian strikes so far — but their 'defensive' stance won't last forever
The Gulf states have said Iran's attacks on energy infrastructure won't "go unanswered" but, so far, they have not hit back.
dw
Will Gulf states enter the Iran war?
Gulf states have borne the brunt of Iranian missile attacks so far. At first, Iran targeted US assets, but that has changed. Gulf states say...
npr
Trump rejects Iran's ceasefire proposal response. And, Congress to tackle ICE funding
Trump rejected Iran's response to a U.S. peace proposal, calling it "totally unacceptable." And, Congressional Republicans are trying to...
pbs
Members of Congress demand swift vote on war powers resolution after Trump orders Iran strike without congressional approval
Both the House and Senate, where the president's Republican Party has a slim majority, had already drafted such resolutions long before the...
internationalpolicy
Congress Can Stop Trump and Netanyahu’s Disastrous, Escalating Iran War
March 16, 2026 – In response to the spread of the US-Israeli war on Iran, Center for International Policy Vice President Matt Duss issued...
punchbowl
Congress won’t be able to avoid the Iran war much longer
Congress has sat firmly on the sidelines as President Donald Trump wages an increasingly deadly war on Iran. GOP leaders and rank-and-file...
ms
Trump warns of ‘war’ casualties without Congress declaring war
President Donald Trump launched military strikes against Iran early Saturday and warned that the “lives of American heroes may be lost” in...
politico
Congress rushes to get in the loop as critics denounce Iran strikes
Efforts are underway to set up member briefings next week, but Democrats want the Trump administration to go further.
american
What Role Does Congress Play in the U.S.’s War with Iran?
When the United States launched military strikes against Iran on February 28th in conjunction with Israel, it did so without the...
cbsnews
Lawmakers stress new urgency around war powers votes after Iran strikes
Efforts in Congress to block President Trump from using further military force against Iran without support from lawmakers have intensified...
cnn
Congress to vote on Trump’s war powers in aftermath of Iran strikes
Top Capitol Hill Democrats, and a small number of Republicans, watched in alarm Saturday as the administration launched a major US assault...
time
After Iran Strikes, Congress Confronts Its Limited Power Over War
With the strikes on Iran already underway, the main mechanism for Congress to try to halt it is the War Powers Act.